The Churchill Mountains is a mountain range bordering the western side of the Ross Ice Shelf between Byrd Glacier and Nimrod Glacier in Antarctica. Several of its highest summits, including Mounts Egerton, Field, Nares, Wharton and Albert Markham were first seen and named by the Discovery Expedition (or British National Antarctic Expedition), 1901-04, under Robert Falcon Scott[1]
The mountains were mapped in detail by the USGS from Tellurometer surveys, 1960-61, and U.S. Navy air photos, 1960. Named by the US-ACAN for Sir Winston Churchill.[1]
| Mountain | Metres | Feet | Coordinates |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mount Albert Markham | 3,205 | 10,515 | |
| Mount Field | 3,010 | 9,875 | |
| Mount Nares | 3,000 | 9,843 | |
| Mount Egerton | 2,830 | 9,285 | |
| Pyramid Mountain | 2,810 | 9,219 | |
| Mount Wharton | 2,800 | 9,186 | |
| Mount Isbell | 2,360 | 7,743 | |
| Mount Frost | 2,350 | 7,710 | |
| Mount Zinkovich | 2,280 | 7,480 | |
| Turk Peak | 2,000 | 6,562 | |
| Mount Hamilton | 1,990 | 6,529 | |
| Mount Tuatara | 1,640 | 5,381 | |
| Young Peaks | 1,200 | 3,937 |
Mount Albert Markham is a striking flat-topped mountain, standing midway between Mount Nares and Pyramid Mountain. Discovered by the Discovery Expedition and named for Admiral Sir Albert Hastings Markham, a member of the Ship Committee for the expedition.[2]
Mount Egerton is a mountain rising five km north-northwest of Mount Field. Discovered by the Discovery Expedition and named for Admiral Sir George Le Clerc Egerton, a member of the Arctic Expedition of 1875-1876, one of Scott's advisors for this expedition.[3]
Mount Field is a mountain standing 5 km SSE of Mount Egerton. Discovered and named by the Discovery Expedition.[4]
Mount Frost is a mountain standing 4 mi S of Mount Zinkovich, at the southern side of the head of Silk Glacier. Named by Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for Lieutenant Col. Foy B. Frost, USAF, commanding officer of the Ninth Troop Carrier Squadron, which furnished C-124 Globemaster airlift support between New Zealand and the Antarctic and from McMurdo Sound inland to Byrd, Eights, and South Pole Stations during U.S. Navy (USN) Operation Deep Freeze 1962.[5]
Mount Hamilton stands at the eastern edge of Kent Plateau, 11 km (7 mi) south of Mount Tuatara. Discovered by the Discovery Expedition and named for Admiral Sir Richard Vesey Hamilton, who served on Arctic voyages (1850–54) and was a member of the Ship Committee for this expedition.[6]
Mount Nares is a massive mountain located just south of Mount Albert Markham and overlooking the head of Flynn Glacier. Discovered by the Discovery Expedition led by Scott, who named it for Sir George S. Nares, captain of an Arctic expedition in 1875-76, and a member of the Ship Committee for Scott's expedition.[7]
Pyramid Mountain is a conspicuous pyramidal mountain standing 4 mi N of Mount Albert Markham. Discovered and named by the Discovery Expedition.[8]
Mount Tuatara is a mountain standing on the southern side of Byrd Glacier, 7 mi N of Mount Hamilton. Mapped by the New Zealand Geological Survey Antarctic Expedition (NZGSAE) (1960-61) who so named it because the long spiny summit ridge resembles a lizard.[9] The Tuatara is a reptile endemic to New Zealand.
Turk Peak is a large hump-shaped peak being the central of three peaks on a ridge 6 mi N of Mount Zinkovich. Named by Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for Lieutenant Col. Wilbert Turk, commander of the 61st Troop Carrier Squadron which initiated the flights of C-130 Hercules aircraft in Antarctica in January 1960.[10]
Mount Wharton is a mountain standing 8.8 km (5.5 mi) west of Turk Peak. Discovered by the Discovery Expedition and named for Sir William Wharton, Hydrographer to the Royal Navy, 1884-1904.[11]
Young Peaks is a group of peaks along a ridge running west-east, starting 5 km east of Mount Coley. The feature is 5 km long with summits rising above 1200 m. Flanked by Lee Glacier at north and Jorda Glacier at south. Named in honor of Pamela Young who was the first female event member in the New Zealand Antarctic Research Program (NZARP).[12]
Mount Zinkovich is a pointed mountain standing 4 miles (6 km) north of Mount Frost at the north side of the head of Silk Glacier. Named by Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for Lieutenant Colonel Michael Zinkovich, United States Air Force (USAF), commanding officer of the 1710th Aerial Port Squadron, which furnished airlift support between New Zealand and Antarctica, and from McMurdo Sound inland to Byrd, Eights, and South Pole Stations during U.S. Navy Operation Deep Freeze 1962.[13]